气候变化论文监测台Climate Paper Monitor

主题集中在气候适应、生态系统、政策治理。摘要要点：The EU Nature Restoration Regulation in Urban Areas // The EU Nature Restoration Regulation also obliges cities to strengthen their ecosystems. Abstract: The EU Nature Restoration Regulation in Urban Areas // The EU Nature Restoration Regulation also obliges cities to strengthen their ecosystems. By the end of 2030, there must be no net loss of green spaces and tree canopy cover, and from 2031 onward both indicators must show an increasing trend. The aim is to restore nature, improve climate adaptation, and promote urban biodiversity. We provide an overview here of how the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) supports municipalities with expert recommendations, practical tools, as well as map and data resources, and with the development of funding guidelines.

主题集中在健康影响、政策治理、经济金融。摘要要点：Although previous studies have examined composting mainly from technical, agricultural and policy perspectives, limited attention has been given to the psychological and lifestyle-related factors that encourage individuals to adopt composting as a sustainable behaviour. Abstract: Although previous studies have examined composting mainly from technical, agricultural and policy perspectives, limited attention has been given to the psychological and lifestyle-related factors that encourage individuals to adopt composting as a sustainable behaviour. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the psychological and social drivers of composting as a sustainable consumer behaviour. Using lifestyle of health and sustainability (LOHAS) as a lifestyle-based framework and social cognitive theory (SCT) as the theoretical lens, the study examines how sustainability-oriented lifestyles shape composting intentions through cognitive and control mechanisms. Data were collected from 329 respondents in Türkiye through an online survey and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. The model tests the direct and indirect effects of LOHAS on composting intention via attitudes, social norms and perceived consumer efficacy. LOHAS primarily affects composting intention through indirect mechanisms. Perceived behavioural control (PBC) emerged as the key mediating pathway, shaped by efficacy-related beliefs, while attitude played a complementary mediating role. Social norms and attitudes also exerted strong direct effects on the intention to compost. Findings position composting as a consumer-led climate action supporting soil health, waste reduction and sustainable behaviour change goals. Insights can inform social marketing interventions by strengthening lifestyle-based motivation, perceived efficacy and PBC to encourage sustainable behaviour. The study contributes to the LOHAS and sustainable consumption literatures by explaining how sustainability-oriented lifestyles translate into composting intention through key psychological mechanisms. This perspective positions composting as a value-driven and intentional consumer behaviour rather than a purely technical practice.

这篇论文聚焦“Fluorine-mediated regulation: empowering high-performance electrocatalysts for CO₂ electroreduction.”，当前记录缺少摘要，可优先查看来源页和 DOI 页面补充细节。

主题集中在气候适应、模型与情景、遥感观测。摘要要点：Purpose This study explores the enhancement of the building permitting process through the introduction of dynamic building codes, enabled by an adaptive digital technology framework. Abstract: Purpose This study explores the enhancement of the building permitting process through the introduction of dynamic building codes, enabled by an adaptive digital technology framework. By leveraging innovations such as Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things and integrated digital twins, the framework enables real-time monitoring and updating of building codes to address the complexities of modern urban environments and support climate change adaptation in smart, sustainable cities. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative approach to develop a conceptual framework based on an integrated literature review of the key themes. The framework developed is structured into three interconnected layers and five distinct aspects. The role of each layer and its integration within a smart city environment is explored in the framework development section. The conceptual framework is demonstrated through an illustrative scenario in Lusail, Qatar, a state-of-the-art smart city. The proposed framework operationalizes adaptability within regulatory systems, contributing to United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 by promoting resilient urban development. Findings The findings suggest that emerging technologies can significantly improve sustainability compliance and climate adaptation. It reimagines building permitting as an ongoing process rather than a one-off process to strictly ensure the buildings' continued sustainability compliance throughout their existence. The sequence and logic of the proposed system are explained using an example of temperature rise. Key challenges identified include data interoperability, information security risks and resistance to regulatory change. Practical implications This approach improves institutional capacity for climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction. The research proposes an innovative technological approach building on the latest advancements in the industry that can effectively result in consumption optimization throughout the life cycle of the building, further promoting SDG 12. Originality/value The study proposes future research directions to address current gaps in digital sustainability tracking and to advance the implementation of dynamic building codes for truly resilient urban environments.

主题集中在气候适应、健康影响、政策治理。摘要要点：Abstract Rapid urbanisation in Ghana has outpaced municipal infrastructure, leaving cities like Accra struggling to manage daily waste. Abstract: Abstract Rapid urbanisation in Ghana has outpaced municipal infrastructure, leaving cities like Accra struggling to manage daily waste. Municipalities and private waste management companies are struggling with significant uncollected municipal solid waste and a high reliance on unsanitary disposal methods. These problems result in serious environmental degradation (increasing greenhouse gas emissions from open dumping and burning) and public health issues. Despite Ghana’s robust legislative framework, a significant functional disconnect exists between policy formulation and local implementation. This study evaluated Ghana’s existing legislative frameworks governing its solid waste management system to identify systemic gaps and explore the potential to integrate informal waste pickers into a formal, inclusive, and sustainable circular economy. Employing a convergent mixed-methods research design, the study utilised a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from 13 purposively selected expert stakeholders across different governing bodies. This allowed for a quantitative descriptive method to identify systemic trends and a qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended responses. This ensured a complete evaluation of the MSW governance landscape in Ghana. The findings reveal an institutional maze characterised by fragmented law enforcement, financial constraints, and the absence of formal monitoring systems. The findings also show that informal waste pickers lack recognition, social protection, and technical support. The study recommends data-driven modelling approaches that align and integrate institutional frameworks with inclusive social policies such as optimisation, multi-criteria decision-making tools, and life-cycle assessments. This paper provides an evidence-based roadmap for transitioning to a resilient governance framework, offering practical insights for building urban sustainability capable of addressing climate change.

主题集中在生态系统、农业与粮食、健康影响。摘要要点：The editorial argues that the debate over genetically modified (GM) crops in Asia has become too polarized and needs a more grounded, fact-based discussion. Abstract: The editorial argues that the debate over genetically modified (GM) crops in Asia has become too polarized and needs a more grounded, fact-based discussion. With growing populations, climate change, and shrinking farmland, GM crops are presented as a useful but imperfect tool that could help improve food security and support farmers. Evidence from several Asian countries shows that these crops can increase yields, reduce pesticide use, and even address nutritional deficiencies, offering real benefits especially to small-scale farmers. However, the letter also stresses that these advantages should not overshadow legitimate concerns. Questions about long-term health effects, environmental risks like cross- pollination, and the rise of resistant pests highlight the need for careful regulation. Beyond science, there are also socio-economic issues, particularly the growing dependence of farmers on patented seeds controlled by large corporations, which may threaten traditional farming practices. In the end, the author calls for a balanced approach—neither fully embracing nor rejecting GM crops. Instead, governments should focus on strong regulations, transparency, and farmer empowerment while protecting local biodiversity. The future of GM crops in Asia, the letter concludes, depends on responsible governance that puts both people and the environment first

主题集中在生态系统、农业与粮食、遥感观测。摘要要点：Plant biodiversity forms the foundation of ecosystem stability and provides essential resources for food, medicine, timber and ecological services. Abstract: Plant biodiversity forms the foundation of ecosystem stability and provides essential resources for food, medicine, timber and ecological services. However, rapid habitat loss, anthropogenic disturbances, invasive species and climate change have accelerated the decline of plant diversity worldwide. Traditional botanical surveys conducted by trained taxonomists are often constrained by limited funding, personnel and geographic coverage. Citizen science, the active involvement of the public in scientific research, has emerged as an effective approach for documenting plant biodiversity at large spatial and temporal scales. With the widespread availability of smartphones, GPS technology and digital platforms such as iNaturalist, Pl@ntNet, Global Biodiversity Information Facility, India Biodiversity Portal and eFloraofindia, citizens can contribute valuable plant occurrence records, photographs and phenological observations. These data support taxonomic research, conservation planning, invasive species monitoring, climate change studies and biodiversity assessments. This article reviews the concept of citizen science, its applications in plant biodiversity documentation, advantages, limitations and future prospects, emphasizing its growing importance in complementing professional botanical research.

主题集中在生态系统、农业与粮食、遥感观测。摘要要点：Plant biodiversity forms the foundation of ecosystem stability and provides essential resources for food, medicine, timber and ecological services. Abstract: Plant biodiversity forms the foundation of ecosystem stability and provides essential resources for food, medicine, timber and ecological services. However, rapid habitat loss, anthropogenic disturbances, invasive species and climate change have accelerated the decline of plant diversity worldwide. Traditional botanical surveys conducted by trained taxonomists are often constrained by limited funding, personnel and geographic coverage. Citizen science, the active involvement of the public in scientific research, has emerged as an effective approach for documenting plant biodiversity at large spatial and temporal scales. With the widespread availability of smartphones, GPS technology and digital platforms such as iNaturalist, Pl@ntNet, Global Biodiversity Information Facility, India Biodiversity Portal and eFloraofindia, citizens can contribute valuable plant occurrence records, photographs and phenological observations. These data support taxonomic research, conservation planning, invasive species monitoring, climate change studies and biodiversity assessments. This article reviews the concept of citizen science, its applications in plant biodiversity documentation, advantages, limitations and future prospects, emphasizing its growing importance in complementing professional botanical research.

主题集中在气候适应、政策治理、模型与情景。摘要要点：This narrative literature review aims to critically examine the role of Islamic Education Management (MPI) in realizing effective school governance and to propose an integrative framework bridging Islamic values with contemporary evidence-based effectiveness indicators. Abstract: This narrative literature review aims to critically examine the role of Islamic Education Management (MPI) in realizing effective school governance and to propose an integrative framework bridging Islamic values with contemporary evidence-based effectiveness indicators. Unlike previous reviews that predominantly focus on the normative theological foundations of MPI or treat school governance through a purely secular lens, this study offers a novel conceptual contribution by operationalizing abstract Islamic principles into a concrete, multidimensional governance model. Employing a narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed literature from 2020 to 2026, the study analyzes how core MPI values—syura, amanah, ‘adl, and ihsan—intersect with fundamental management functions. The results indicate that MPI transcends conventional administrative models by embedding spiritual accountability, participatory decision-making, equitable resource distribution, and continuous excellence into institutional practices, thereby enhancing stakeholder trust and organizational climate. However, the synthesis also identifies critical implementation barriers, including financial constraints, regulatory tensions, and human resource gaps, which necessitate deliberate leadership commitment and contextual adaptation. The study concludes that MPI functions not merely as an ethical overlay, but as a holistic governance paradigm capable of harmonizing modern educational standards with Islamic epistemological foundations. Ultimately, this review provides an actionable conceptual framework for policymakers and school leaders to cultivate ethically grounded, high-performing educational environments, effectively bridging the critical gap between faith-based values and empirical school governance.

主题集中在农业与粮食、模型与情景。摘要要点：Climate variability in Morogoro District has increased pest occurrence and reduced crop productivity. Abstract: Climate variability in Morogoro District has increased pest occurrence and reduced crop productivity. Despite government efforts to promote integrated pest management (IPM), adoption among farmers remains constrained. This study aimed to understand smallholder farmers adoption of IPM practices under changing climate in Morogoro District, Tanzania. A convergent parallel mixed-methods research design was employed. Simple random sampling was used to select 387 household heads engaged in crop farming. Purposive sampling was used to select 8 key informants for in-depth interviews and 24 participants for focus group discussions. The in-depth interview with key informants, focus group discussions and a household questionnaire survey were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyses quantitative data on farmers' perceptions of IPM and factors influencing IPM adoption using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20, while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis through NVivo Version 11. The results indicated that respondents had a moderate perception of IPM practices, with an overall mean score of 3.04. The most adopted IPM practices among farmers included crop rotation, resistant crop varieties, intercropping, and careful pesticide use. The binary logistic regression model results show that education, sex, access to extension services, membership in farmer groups, and access to financial support significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the adoption of IPM practices. The study concludes that farmers in Morogoro District had moderate perceptions and adoption of IPM practices. It recommends that the government strengthen extension services, financial support, and climate-responsive interventions to enhance farmers’ IPM adoption.

主题集中在健康影响、模型与情景、遥感观测。摘要要点：Workers in the informal charcoal industry face the risk of physical exposure and high workloads. Abstract: Workers in the informal charcoal industry face the risk of physical exposure and high workloads. This study aims to analyze the effects of sleep quality, hot work climate, and age on work fatigue, with work duration as an intervening variable, among charcoal workers in Batam City. This study used a quantitative, observational-analytical design. The population was charcoal workers; a sample of 99 workers was selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Smart-PLS SEM. The results showed that sleep quality had a significant direct effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.591, p = 0.000) and work fatigue (coefficient = 0.618, p = 0.000). A hot work climate has a significant effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.264, p = 0.002). However, it does not have a significant direct effect on work fatigue (coefficient = 0.027, p = 0.354). Age has a significant direct effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.0395, p = 0.003) and work fatigue (coefficient = 0.431, p = 0.000). Work duration is significantly associated with work fatigue (coefficient = 0.431, p = 0.000) and fully mediates the relationship between hot work climate and work fatigue. The value indicates that the combination of variables in the model explains 96.5% of the variation in work fatigue. Sleep quality and work duration are the main determinants of work fatigue among charcoal workers. Hot work climates do not directly cause fatigue, but rather must first lead to an increase in workers' work duration. It is recommended that charcoal business owners arrange adequate rest periods between burnings and that workers maintain sleep quality to reduce the risk of chronic work fatigue. While previous studies examined these factors separately, the mediating role of work duration among informal charcoal workers remains under-investigated, which constitutes the research gap addressed here. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection, and informed consent was secured from all respondents.

主题集中在政策治理、模型与情景。摘要要点：The Higher Education sector globally is being challenged to produce students who will be equipped for the 21st Century and what has come to be known as Industrial Revolution 5.0 (IR 5.0), a new and emerging paradigm that combines: Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Advanced Manufacturing, Biotechnology, Climate Technology, and Human-ce Abstract: The Higher Education sector globally is being challenged to produce students who will be equipped for the 21st Century and what has come to be known as Industrial Revolution 5.0 (IR 5.0), a new and emerging paradigm that combines: Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Advanced Manufacturing, Biotechnology, Climate Technology, and Human-centric, sustainability-driven values. In Pakistan, this pressure has been formalized by a directive from the "Higher Education Commission" (HEC) for universities to review and redesign their degree courses and curricula based on the IR 5.0, incorporating digital and specific to the disciplines competencies, critical thinking and entrepreneurship and strengthening industry linkages, to be implemented from Fall 2026. This paper contends that such policy-level calls for transformation cannot only be achieved by curriculum content changes, but also need to be accompanied by a consistent theory of how curriculum goals, pedagogy and assessment need to be aligned. Combining the latest pedagogical models, ranging from outcome-based education, competency-based education, project-based learning and problem-based learning, to blended and flipped learning, and AI-enhanced adaptive learning, the paper introduces an "all-in-one" framework for curriculum re-alignment based on Bloom's Revised Taxonomy of Educational Objectives and the accumulated evidence of how examinations in many educational systems fail to adequately represent higher-order cognitive demand compared to the stated objectives. The framework correlates cognitive process levels with the competency areas in IR 5.0 and with the pedagogical and assessment approaches, and is discussed in the context of the requirements of the current Undergraduate Education Policy of Pakistan and the directive of the HEC for IR 5.0. Implications for assessment redesign, faculty development, and departmental curriculum review are discussed, as well as the restrictions of a purely theoretical synthesis, and the importance of empirical validation across disciplines.

这篇论文聚焦“Frozen and Scorched: Genomic Signatures of Adaptive Divergence and Hibernation in the Living Fossil <i>Dromiciops</i>.”，当前记录缺少摘要，可优先查看来源页和 DOI 页面补充细节。

这篇论文聚焦“Ambient temperature reduces oocyte yield in assisted reproductive technology via a partially sex hormone-mediated pathway.”，当前记录缺少摘要，可优先查看来源页和 DOI 页面补充细节。

主题集中在气候适应、减缓与脱碳、海洋与冰冻圈。摘要要点：Climate change has become a critical challenge for maintenance and functionality of civil structures. Abstract: Climate change has become a critical challenge for maintenance and functionality of civil structures. Apart from global warming, climate change-induced frost periods can seriously affect dynamic behaviour of bridges. From a meteorological perspective, instability in the polar vortex and weakening of the jet stream are critical climatic phenomena that allow cold Arctic air to move toward mid-latitudes, leading to unexpected and severe freezing events. Under such circumstances, vibration features of bridges, especially modal frequencies, alter significantly. Generally, freezing temperatures cause sharp shifts in bridge modal frequencies due to sudden stiffening, particularly deck asphalts. Because these impacts can obscure true structural changes, produce false damage alarms, and reduce the reliability of long-term structural health monitoring (SHM), this paper proposes machine learning-aided data normalizers to mitigate climate change-induced frost conditions on modal frequencies of bridges during their SHM programs. Given the availability of temperature records, supervised data normalizers in terms of classifiers are trained by using both the modal frequencies and temperatures. In contrast, when temperature records are unavailable, unsupervised data normalizers in terms of reconstruction-based models are developed by the only bridge modal frequencies. Both types of data normalizers extract residuals between the measured and reconstructed modal frequencies, serving as normalized dynamic features free from frost effects. The proposed hybrid machine learning framework is validated using long-term monitoring data from concrete and steel bridges subjected to freezing conditions. Results show that this framework effectively eliminates frost-induced frequency jumps, enhancing the stability, accuracy, and climate resilience of long-term SHM programs.

主题集中在生态系统、农业与粮食、政策治理。摘要要点：The article is dedicated to a comprehensive study of the legal protection issues of forest ecosystems in the context of the growing global environmental crisis, where forests are losing their climate-regulating, water-protecting, and biospheric functions due to anthropogenic pressure and climate changes. Abstract: The article is dedicated to a comprehensive study of the legal protection issues of forest ecosystems in the context of the growing global environmental crisis, where forests are losing their climate-regulating, water-protecting, and biospheric functions due to anthropogenic pressure and climate changes. It analyzes the main threats to forest ecosystems, including catastrophic fires, industrial and illegal logging, outbreaks of pest insect populations, acid rains, pollution with heavy metals and microplastics, as well as the spread of invasive species. It emphasizes that global warming acts as a universal catalyst, intensifying all the aforementioned destructive processes. The author explores the evolution of the ecosystem approach in international law, starting from the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Malawi Principles, and its transformation into national legal systems, conducting a thorough comparative legal study of the legislation of the Russian Federation, the European Union, China, Brazil, as well as countries like Germany, Finland, Sweden, and New Zealand, which allows for the identification of both progressive protection mechanisms and systemic law enforcement issues. The methodological basis of the research is a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach that combines general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, systemic and functional approaches with specialized methods of comparative legal studies, formal-legal interpretation of norms, and analysis of law enforcement practices. Special attention is paid to Russian legal regulation, where the dual legal nature of forests is noted, as established in the Forest Code; however, there is a lack of a clear legal definition, as well as fragmentation of regulation and a gap between strategic documents declaring an ecosystem approach and actual practice, including abuses during sanitary logging. In conclusion, the necessity of borrowing effective foreign tools is justified, such as quantitative ecological indicators for assessing the state of forests, remote satellite monitoring systems, and economic incentive mechanisms for biodiversity conservation. It also emphasizes the critical role of environmental education and a fundamental reassessment of the value attitude towards forests as a strategic asset rather than as a natural resource serving as a source of raw materials for the woodworking and other industries.

主题集中在减缓与脱碳。摘要要点：The population growth of Karawang Regency increases the use of drinking water, this has an impact on increasing domestic wastewater generation. Abstract: The population growth of Karawang Regency increases the use of drinking water, this has an impact on increasing domestic wastewater generation. Wastewater with high concentrations of pollutants can harm the environment. Wastewater treatment is necessary to ensure its safety when received by receiving water bodies. Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are a technology for treating wastewater, on the other hand WWTPs also contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to assess the estimated amount of GHG emissions using the 2019 IPCC guidelines with the tier one method. There are five WWTPs still actively operating in Karawang Regency in 2025, namely Sindangmukti Village, Sampalan Village, Rengasdengklok Selatan Village, Kalangsari Village, and Tanjungpura Village. All communal domestic WWTPs in Karawang Regency use Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) technology with a service capacity of 50 households. ABR is a biological treatment with an anaerobic process that produces GHG, namely CH4 gas. GHG with uncontrolled amounts causes global warming and climate change, so initial mitigation steps are needed by calculating the amount of GHG. Currently, there is no inventory of GHG emissions from communal domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Karawang Regency. CH4 emissions from communal domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Karawang Regency are estimated at 0.22 Gg CO2e/year in 2025.

主题集中在减缓与脱碳、生态系统、健康影响。摘要要点：This study investigates the cumulative impact of simulated warming on peatland net mercury (Hg) gas fluxes at the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment in northern Minnesota. Abstract: This study investigates the cumulative impact of simulated warming on peatland net mercury (Hg) gas fluxes at the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment in northern Minnesota. Within the global Hg cycle, exchanges between landscape pools and the atmosphere play a critical role in both the deposition and long-range transport of Hg, making atmospheric processes a key driver of global Hg mobility. Utilizing passive air samplers (PAS), we measured mean Hg concentrations in large, open-top enclosures across a gradient of air and soil temperatures and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) treatments. The results confirmed a significant positive correlation between temperature and net Hg gas flux, however there was no correlation with CO 2 variation. This is among the first studies to continuously quantify net mercury gas fluxes under experimentally elevated, whole-ecosystem temperatures in situ, addressing a key gap in understanding how climate warming influences the global mercury cycle. The findings underscore the sensitivity of peatland Hg emissions to temperature variations, suggesting that warming could increase atmospheric Hg levels, posing environmental and public health risks. This study highlights the necessity for further research into climate-Hg cycle feedbacks in the context of global warming and their implications for human health and environmental policy.

主题集中在能源系统、经济金融。摘要要点：Aquaculture is the second-fastest growing food production sector worldwide, providing critical aquatic food products to meet increased demand in the international market for seafood. Abstract: Aquaculture is the second-fastest growing food production sector worldwide, providing critical aquatic food products to meet increased demand in the international market for seafood. The GHG emissions created from aquaculture operations can be attributed to several sources, including the energy used during the production of feed, the energy needed to operate the farm and the energy used in fuel consumption and waste disposal. Researchers can calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions associated with an aquaculture operation using the carbon budget method and determine the total environmental impact of those operations. Carbon accounting is an innovative way for aquaculture to create a market for carbon credits when it reduces carbon emissions. This paper presents two methods for estimating carbon emissions from feed consumption, electrical consumption and fuel consumption using simple calculation methods. The authors explore how sustainable aquaculture systems such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems, renewable energy use and environmentally sustainable feed production will provide potential carbon credits for aquaculture producers. By participating in carbon markets and trading systems, organizations are financially compensated for their efforts to help mitigate climate change through reduced emissions. The integration of a carbon budgeting with a carbon credit system provides aquaculture systems to adopt and implement environmentally sustainable operating practices with corresponding economic benefits.

主题集中在能源系统、经济金融。摘要要点：Aquaculture is the second-fastest growing food production sector worldwide, providing critical aquatic food products to meet increased demand in the international market for seafood. Abstract: Aquaculture is the second-fastest growing food production sector worldwide, providing critical aquatic food products to meet increased demand in the international market for seafood. The GHG emissions created from aquaculture operations can be attributed to several sources, including the energy used during the production of feed, the energy needed to operate the farm and the energy used in fuel consumption and waste disposal. Researchers can calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions associated with an aquaculture operation using the carbon budget method and determine the total environmental impact of those operations. Carbon accounting is an innovative way for aquaculture to create a market for carbon credits when it reduces carbon emissions. This paper presents two methods for estimating carbon emissions from feed consumption, electrical consumption and fuel consumption using simple calculation methods. The authors explore how sustainable aquaculture systems such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems, renewable energy use and environmentally sustainable feed production will provide potential carbon credits for aquaculture producers. By participating in carbon markets and trading systems, organizations are financially compensated for their efforts to help mitigate climate change through reduced emissions. The integration of a carbon budgeting with a carbon credit system provides aquaculture systems to adopt and implement environmentally sustainable operating practices with corresponding economic benefits.

主题集中在气候适应、极端天气、生态系统。摘要要点：The study examined the determinants of fish farmers’ household vulnerability to climatic hazards in Southwest Nigeria. Abstract: The study examined the determinants of fish farmers’ household vulnerability to climatic hazards in Southwest Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique were used to select the respondents for this study. In the first stage, Ondo and Ogun States were purposively selected in the tropical rainforest zone of Southwest Nigeria. These States have coastlands; in addition, they are prominent in fishing activities and climatic hazards, as well as waterlogged areas are a common occurrence. In the second stage, stratified random sampling of two (2) Local Government Areas (LGAs), namely Ilaje LGA and Ese-Odo LGA in Ondo State, while Odogbolu LGA and Ijebu Waterside LGA were selected in Ogun State. The Selection of the LGA’s was based on was based on the fact that these LGAs were the prominent ones where intensive fishing activities take place. In the third stage, four (4) fishing communities were randomly selected from each LGA, while in the final stage, sixteen (16) respondents were randomly selected from each of the communities. The respondents were expected to be 256, but only 220 questionnaires were returned. Therefore, a sample of 220 respondents was selected for this study. Data collected from 220 respondents were analyzed using frequency tables, descriptive statistics, charts, and an ordered logistic regression model. The average age of the respondents was 49 years, 56.36% of the respondents observed floods as the major climatic hazards in the study area, followed by erosion (19.55%) and change in rainfall pattern (12.27%), respectively. The most of the important adaptation strategies adopted is building embankments to prevent flooded water, planting of shaded crop to prevent erosion, improved fish managements, procurement of weather/water monitoring kits, insurance policies and diversification measures were adopted in the study area to cushion the effects of being vulnerable to various climatic hazards in the study area. The Ordered Logistic Regression result showed that flood, erosion, and heavy rainfall were the major production risks perceived by the fish farmers in the study area. It is concluded that fish farmers in the study area were vulnerable to various climatic hazards, notably floods, erosion, and changes in the rainfall pattern. Therefore, policy and local development practitioners should give priority to highly vulnerable households by encouraging them to practice climate-smart agriculture and improved fish farming management, as well as ensure their businesses to mitigate the effects of climate risks on their businesses. Keywords: Determinants of Vulnerability, Vulnerability drivers, Climatic Hazards and Fish Farmers.

主题集中在极端天气、生态系统、农业与粮食。摘要要点：This article studies the response of the residents of Sruni Village to disaster drought with social impact engineering theory of global warming. Abstract: This article studies the response of the residents of Sruni Village to disaster drought with social impact engineering theory of global warming. Experienced by 3,591 people in the central cattle farming village of Boyolali Regency, the drought have caused a clean water crisis, increased living costs (for purchasing clean water for families, livestock and agriculture), the threat of crop failure and limited food and drink for livestock (even people were forced to sell livestock). Then, social engineering is performed to face this drought. The findings show that social engineering is carried out through preparation stages, approaches to partners, program socialization, community-based RT/RW organizing, implementation of various trainings, program implementation, community mentoring such as monitoring and consultation, participation in various competitions, expansion of external partners, evaluation of achievements and sustainable action plans within Proklim framework. The driving force behind social engineering is Agni Mandiri Forest Farmers Group (Kelompok Tani Hutan/KTH) accompanied by Lestari Mandiri (NGO in Boyolali) and supported by Pertamina, Adi Sumarmo Airport, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta and Muhammadiyah University of Karanganyar, Government of Regency Boyolali and of Sruni Village. Engineering social is built in a social constructivist-adaptive way in accordance with internal dynamics and external opportunities. A qualitative-descriptive research method is used to describe how social engineering was carried out by residents. Non-participatory observations are conducted five times throughout the social engineering process. Informants are identified based on their role as drivers of social engineering. The results of the analysis based on observation data, informal interviews, secondary data documentation (offline) in 2022, assignment data from two groups of students in 2023, and secondary data (online) in 2026 are processed inductively into research findings.

主题集中在气候适应、极端天气、能源系统。摘要要点：Electric power systems worldwide face a persistent trilemma: balancing reliability, affordability, and sustainability. Abstract: Electric power systems worldwide face a persistent trilemma: balancing reliability, affordability, and sustainability. In California, this challenge is intensifying as electricity demand surges alongside the rapid growth in artificial intelligence (AI) and data centers. The state already has some of the highest electricity rates in the United States, one of the largest renewable and storage portfolios, and growing exposure to wildfire and climate risks. Meeting this wave of demand without driving up costs, compromising reliability, or increasing emissions will test the limits of California’s grid and the creativity of its operators and regulators. This article outlines how California can turn AI-driven demand from a perceived burden into a catalyst for a cleaner, more resilient, and more affordable grid. Drawing on system data, we identify three complementary strategies: 1) unlock underutilized transmission capacity to power AI-driven load growth, 2) target clean and dispatchable resources to areas of highest grid impact, and 3) implement equitable cost-recovery mechanisms so data centers fund needed upgrades without burdening other customers. If designed and implemented effectively, these strategies turn data centers into partners in modernizing California’s electric grid and spread infrastructure costs across more electricity users. The result is a practical pathway to turn today’s trilemma into tomorrow’s triumph for California and a model that other regions can adapt as digital demand scales.

主题集中在减缓与脱碳、能源系统、政策治理。摘要要点：Climate change and policy are unevenly experienced across nations, social groups, households, sectors, and generations. Abstract: Climate change and policy are unevenly experienced across nations, social groups, households, sectors, and generations. Understanding how benefits and burdens of climate action can be equitably shared is therefore critical. While the cornerstone concept of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities ’ is broadly accepted, the absence of consensus on equitable effort-sharing principles presents a challenge that permeates science underpinning climate policy. Climate-energy-economy models exhibit considerable conceptual, structural, and technical limitations in constructing equitable climate futures: they aggregate diverse Global South countries into homogeneous regions, fail to capture critical elements of international climate finance, and tend to produce one-size-fits-all strategies with limited consideration of local contexts. Model-based studies, additionally, have been argued to reflect Global North narratives in international scenario ensembles, assume persisting inequalities between the Global North and the Global South in the future, obscure ethical or normative choices behind operationalised principles of justice, and fail to systematically include stakeholders and scientists from the Global South. Here, we explore how modelling science can be more inclusive and effective in recognising these issues and co-constructing just climate futures. While acknowledging the inherent limitations of any modelling exercise, we argue that progress depends on several key actions, including meaningfully collaborating with stakeholders and scientists from other disciplines and critically from hitherto underrepresented and underfunded regions, incorporating wider policy priorities beyond mitigation, improving data and modelling capabilities to better represent the varied conditions of different communities, and integrating elements, policies, and governance structures that are indispensable to representing climate finance considerations.

主题集中在气候适应、能源系统、经济金融。摘要要点：Hurricanes cause significant wind and water damage, yet economic research primarily focuses on the latter due to data limitations. Abstract: Hurricanes cause significant wind and water damage, yet economic research primarily focuses on the latter due to data limitations. We overcome this problem by analyzing photographs taken after Hurricane Irma (2017) to locate blue-tarped homes. Using a regression discontinuity framework, we find the 2001 Florida Building Code impacted wind risk for over 500,000 homeowners. Adopters were 22 percent less likely to experience wind damage and saw a 27 percent reduction in damage severity. Unrepaired properties also sold for 13.3 percent ($29,400) less and were harder to sell, underscoring the importance of building codes in mitigating risk and promoting climate change adaptation. (JEL Q54, R31, R38)